The Department of Nervous and Neurosurgical Diseases carries out medical work on the basis of the «Minsk Scientific and Practical Center of Surgery, Transplantology and Hematology», «City Clinical Emergency Hospital of Minsk», «City Children's Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital». The staff of the department carry out patients’ consultations in the professorial and teaching center of the Belarusian State Medical University «Professor» on a regular basis. Modern innovative technologies are widely used in the medical and consulting activities of the department, telemedicine consulting in particular.
Technologies introduced into practical health care by the staff of the department over the past 10 years:
- cell therapy of multiple sclerosis by transplantation of autologous hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells;
- telemedicine technologies;
- photodynamic therapy and local chemotherapy of malignant brain tumors;
- prediction and prevention of stroke.
The Department of Nervous and Neurosurgical Diseases is carrying out one of the first scientific research works on the development of technology of immunosuppressive therapy followed by mesenchymal stem cells autotransplantation in patients with multiple sclerosis.
The technology of autologous transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells in patients with multiple sclerosis has been introduced. The efficacy of remyelination in co-transplantation of mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells is studied using a model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
The Department of Nervous and Neurosurgical Diseases played a leading role in the creation of a complex for telemedicine consultations, which is successfully used to provide a medical care to the population. The telemedicine complex created as a result of an innovative project, has been repeatedly presented at republican exhibitions.
Employees of the Department of Nervous and Neurosurgical Diseases are conducting research on the development of new methods for the treatment of malignant brain tumors using a laser. The technology based on photodynamic therapy and using the domestic second-generation photosensitizer Photolon has been developed and implemented to treat patients with primary cerebral infiltrative and metastatic brain tumors Research aimed at creating a method of local chemotherapy for patients with neuro-oncological diseases is underway.
The technology of endoscopically assisted microdiscectomy for herniated discs of the lumbosacral spine management have been introduced into clinical practice, as well as the technology of completely endoscopic discectomy. The necessary set of tools, which has no analogues in the Republic of Belarus and abroad, has been developed and manufactured.
Biomechanically and physiologically optimal position of the patient during the operation was scientifically proved. A new position on the operating table for patients undergoing microdiscectomy has been introduced into clinical practice. This makes it possible to make surgical interventions on the spinal canal practically bloodless, which is especially important when using endoscopic technologies. Minimal invasion technology was introduced into clinical practice in the form of percutaneous laser vaporization of herniated intervertebral discs.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the staff of the department took a direct part in reducing its negative consequences. A compact ultraviolet respirator of zero resistance (a fundamentally new method of personal respiratory protection), which has no analogues in the Republic of Belarus and abroad was developed, manufactured and applied in practice.
