The department was founded in 1988 on the basis of the department of exercise therapy, medical control (head of the department professor I.S. Gulko) - and the course of physiotherapy at the 2nd department of internal diseases and was called the department of physiotherapy, exercise therapy and medical control.

The head of the department from 1988 to 2000 was Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences G.E.Bagel - In 2000, the department was attached to the Department of Outpatient Training (Head of the Department, Professor M.V. Zyuzenkov), and in 2002 the Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy BSMU was re-formed. The organization of the department and its status are determined by the order of the rector of BSMU No. 570-O dated 02.06.2002.
The position of the department was approved by the order of the rector of the BSMU No. 579-O dated 02.06.2002.From 2002 to April 2018, the department was headed by Doctor of Medical Sciences. V.G. Kruchok. Since April 2018, the department is headed by the candidate of medical sciences, associate professor Lyudmila Antonovna Malkevich.For a long time, associate professor Kobrik Viktor Anufrievich and assistant Fomicheva Tamara Vasilievna worked at the department.