The history of the Department of Biology dates back to the opening of the Belarusian State University - October 30, 1921 - and the beginning of the medical faculty there. The formation of the medical faculty was mainly completed by 1925. It consisted of nine theoretical and nine clinical departments.
The organization of the Department of Biology was held jointly with the organization of the Department of Histology – both theoretical departments were run by one head. The Department of Histology and General Biology of the Medical Faculty of BSU has existed since 1923.
Since 1932, it became a department of the Belarusian (Minsk) Medical Institute, and in 2001 - Belarusian State Medical University. The Department of Biology has existed independently since 1937.
The lecturers of the department conduct classes with Belarusian and international students of preparatory courses, work with the 1st year students of all faculties – general medicine, pediatric, preventive medicine, pharmaceutical (full-time and part-time) and medical faculty of international students. The educational process for international students is organized in Russian and English.